When you are a pensioner, it is fairly inevitable that there will come a time when the way in which you live will need to be questioned.
When you are entering the early stages of your retirement age this could mean moving into a smaller home. When you are relying on pension for your income it doesn't make sense to be spending more money than you need to on living cost, such as heating a larger home. Also, as you get older, it can be useful to think of moving to somewhere that isn't going to be such a problem in terms of access if you become frailer. Living in a bungalow for instance, where everything is on one level, can greatly increase your accessibility to all areas of your home.
If you are providing care for someone, be they a elderly friend or relative, there may well come a time where you simply cannot provide the level of care that they require. If you have been caring for the person in their own home that decision can be especially difficult for both you and them.
There are a variety of different retirement homes offering varying levels of both care and independence. Some a more of a retirement 'village' where pensioners may live within their own flats, continue to come and go freely, often with their own transport on site. There may be a warden bell within the flat and a warden will be allocated to each 'village' to give help to a resident when needed. However, care does not get any more involved than this. This is really the most independent from of specialist retirement home and can be a wonderful option for someone who is moving from their own homes and still wants to retain independent living (and is capable of this).
Some homes are private or some may be state funded. It is possible to live within a staffed residential home that may provide varying levels of care with trained professionals on hand. It is well known how expensive any level of care for the elderly can be but if you find the right home they are well worth the money for the peace of mind and care provided for the elderly person.